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HMS ''Penguin'' was an ''Osprey''-class sloop. Launched on 1876, ''Penguin'' was operated by the Royal Navy from 1877 to 1881, then from 1886 to 1889. After being converted to a survey vessel, ''Penguin'' was recommissioned in 1890, and operated until 1908, when she was demasted and transferred to the Australian Commonwealth Naval Forces for use as a depot and training ship in Sydney Harbour. After this force became the Royal Australian Navy, the sloop was commissioned as HMAS ''Penguin'' in 1913. ''Penguin'' remained in naval service until 1924, when she was sold off and converted into a floating crane. The vessel survived until 1960, when she was broken up and burnt. ==Design and construction== ''Penguin'' was an ''Osprey''-class sloop-of-war, with a composite hull design.〔 The ship had a displacement of 1,130 tons, was long, had a beam of , and a draught of .〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Naval Sloops at battleships-cruisers.co.uk )〕〔Winfield, pp.291–292〕 An R & W Hawthorn two-cylinder horizontal returning-rod steam engine fed by three cylindrical boilers provided 666 indicated horsepower to the single propeller screw.〔 This gave ''Penguin'' a top speed of , which failed to meet the required contract speed. After the first commission the engine was replaced by a Devonport Dockyard two-cylinder horizontal compound-expansion steam engine, developing . She had a maximum range of at .〔 In addition to the steam-driven propeller, the vessel was also barque rigged.〔 The standard ship's company was between 140 and 150.〔 Armament consisted of two 7-inch (90cwt) muzzle-loading rifled guns, four 64-pound guns, four machine guns, and one light gun.〔 ''Penguin'' was built by Robert Napier and Sons, of Govan, Scotland.〔Bastock, p.111.〕 The vessel was laid down on 14 July 1876 as yard number 342.〔 She was launched on 25 March 1876,〔Bastock, p.111.〕 and commissioned into the Royal Navy on 23 August 1877.〔 Construction costs included £39,611 for the hull, and £12,500 for her steam machinery.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「HMS Penguin (1876)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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